Permaculture Plants

These plants are selected for Permaculture Forest Gardens in British Columbia Canada and the Pacific Northwest. Forest gardens include layers of Overstory Trees, Understory Trees, Shrubs, Vines, Herbs, Ground covers, and Roots. I created this list by selecting plants that grow within our climate zone (6b) and were listed as Excellent in the book Edible Forest Gardens – Ecological Design & Practice for Temperate Climate Permaculture Volume Two: Design & Practice

May require frost protection or favorable microclimate*

Overstory (Large) Trees

Ultra Northern Pecan – Carya illinoinensis

Heartnut – Juglans ailantifolia var. cordiformis

Butternut – Juglans cinerea

Black Walnut – Juglans nigra

English Walnut / Persian Walnut – Juglans Regia

Buartnut – Juglans x bixbyi

Korean Pine Nut – Pinus Koraiesis

Pinyon Pine – Pinus edulis

Chinese Chestnut – Castanea mollissima

Hybrid Chestnuts – Castanea x hybrids

Chinkapin – Castanopsis chrysophylla

Oak – Quercus spp.

Shagbark Hickory – Carya Ovata

Shellbark Hickory – Carya Laciniosa

Hican – Carya x Hybrids

Understory / Fruit Trees

PawPaw – Asimina triloba

Asian Persimmon – Diospyros Kaki

American Persimmon – Diospyros Virginiana

Apple – Malus Pumila

Hybrid Mulberry – Morus hybrids

Black mulberry – Morus Nigra

Red Mulberry – Morus Rubra

American Plum – Prunus americana

Canada Plum – Prunus americana var. nigra

Sweet Cherry – Prunus avium

European plum – Prunus domestica

Sour Cherry – Prunus cerasus

Peach – Prunus Persica*

Japanese Plum – Prnus salicina

Asian Pear – Pyrus bretscnederis

European pear – Pyrus communis

Juneberry – Amerlanchier lamarkii

Hazelnut Hybrids – Corylus Hybrids

Almond – Prunus Dulcis

Jujube – Ziziphus jujuba

Yellowhorn – Xanthoceras Sorbifolium

Quince – Cydonia Oblonga

Meyer Lemon – Citrus x meyeri*

Pomegranate – Malum Granatum*

Nectarines – Prunus persica var. nucipersica*

Apricots – Prunus armeniaca

Shrubs

Saskatoon – Amelanchier alnifolia

Autumn Olive – Eleagnus oleaster

Goumi – Eleagnus multiflora

Salal – Gaultheria Shallon

Black Huckleberry – Gaylussacia baccata

Strawberry Tree – Arbutus Unedo

Highbush Bluberry – Vaccinium corymbosum

Half high blueberry – Vaccinium Hybrids

Elderberry – Sambucus canadensis

Sea Buckthorn – Hippophae rhamnoides

Oregon Grape – Mahonia aquifolium

Mulberry – Morus Spp.

Dwarf Sour Cherry – Prunus cerasus var. frutescens

Nanking Cherry – Prunus tomentosa

Hybrid Dwarf Cherry – Prunus jaaponica x jacquemontii

Black currant – Ribes nigrum

Red and white currant – ribes silvestre

Gooseberry – Ribes uva-crispa hybrids

Jostaberry – Ribes x culverwellii

Red Raspberry – Rubus ideaeus

American red raspberry – Rubus idaeus var. strigosus

Black cap raspberry – Rubus occidentalis

Dewberry – Rubus spp.

Salmonberry – Rubus spectabilis

Thimbleberry – Rubus parviflorus

Tayberry, Boysen, Loganberry – Rubus x hybrids

Saltbush – Atriplex halimus

Honeyberry – Lonicera

Vines

Hardy Kiwi – ACtinidia arguta

Superhardy kiwifruit – Actinidia Kolomikta

Purple Kiwi – Actinidia Purpurea

Maypop Passionfruit – Passiflora incarnata

Magnolia vine – Schisandra chinensis

Fox Grape – Vitis labrusca hybrids

Riverbank grape – Vitis riparia

Muscadine grape – Vitis rotundifolia

Grape – Vitis vinifera hybrids

Jinenjo Japanese Yam – Dioscorea japonica

Chinese Yam – Dioscorea Batatas

Native Orange Honeysuckle – Lonicera Ciliosa

Evergreen Honeysuckle – Lonicera sempervirens

Trailing Blackberry – Rubus Ursinus

Everlasting Pea – Lathyrus latifolius

Groundnut – Apios americana

Beach Pea – Lathyrus japonicus maritima

Caucasian mountain spinach – hablitzia tamnoides

Herbaceous Layer

Comfrey Symphytum spp.

Bee Balm – Monarda didyma

Lovage – Levisticum officinale

Wood Nettle – Laportaea canadensis

Stinging Nettle – Urtica Dioica

Sweet Cicely – Myrrhis odorata

Echinacea – Echinacea officinalis

Mountain Sorrel – Oxyria digyna

Burnet saxifrage – Pimpinella saxifrage

Solomon Seal – Polygonatum biflorum

Brassica oleracea bortrytis – Nine Star perennial broccoli

Good King Henry – Chenopodium bonus henricus

Chicory – Cichorium Intybus

Rosemary – Rosmarinus officinalis

Oregano – Origanum vulgare hirtum

Yerba Buena – Satureja douglasii

Sweet Goldenrod – Solidago odora

Broadleaf Sage – Salvia Officinalis

Horseradish – Armoracia rusticana

French Tarragon – Artemisia dracunculus var. sativa

Saffron Crocus – Crocus Sativus

Lemon Balm – Melissa officinalis

Anise Hyssop – Agastache foeniculum

Chamomile – Chamaemelum Nobile

Broadleaf Lupin – Lupinus latifolius

Blanket Flower – Gaillardia aristata

Blue Columbine – Aquilegia caerulea

Rhubarb – Rheum spp.

Roots, Tubers & Bulbs

Daylilies – Hemerocallis spp.

Dandelion – Taraxacum officinale

Salad Leek – Allium ampeloprasum

Egyptian Onion – Allium cepa proliferum

Nodding wild onion – Allium cernuum

Welsh onion – Allium fistulosum

Ramps – allium tricoccum

Potato Onion, Shallot – Allium cepa aggregatum

Earth Chestnut – Bunium bulbocastanum

Groundnut – Apios americana

Fortunes Grounut – Apios fortunei

Price’s Groundnut – apios priceana

Earth nut pea – Lathyrus Tuberosus

Chicory – Cichorium intybus

Camas – Cammassia Leichtlinii

Jerusalem Artichoke – Helianthus tuberosus

Chinese Artichoke / Crosnes – Stachys sieboldii

Groundcover Layer

Yerba Buena – Satureja Douglasii

Comfrey – Sympthtum Grandiflorum

White Clover – Trifloium repens

Mints – Mentha Spp.

Red Clover – Trifolium pratense

Lingonberry – Vaccinium vitus idaea

Wild Ginger – Asarum Canadense

Shuttleworths wild ginger – Asarum shuttleworthii

Raspberry “Emerald Carpet” – Rubus pentalobus

Bunchberry – Cornus canadensis

Bearberry – Arctostaphylos uva-ursi

Wintergreen – Gaultheria procumbens

Creeping Snowberry – Gaultheria Hispidula

Creeping bluberry – Vaccinium crassifolium

Lowbush blueberry – Vaccinium angustifolium

Cranberry – Vaccinium macrocarpon

Alpine strawberry – Fragaria vesca alpina

Wild strawberry – Fragaria virginiana

Strawberry – Fragaria x ananassa

Cloudberry – Rubus chamaemorus

Garlic chives – Allium tuberosum

Asparagus – Asparagus officinalis

Sea beet – Beta vulgaris maritima

Borage – Borago officinalis

Calendula – Calendua Officinalis

Sheep Sorrel – Rumex Acetosella

Strawberry Saxifrage – Saxifraga stolonifera

Chinese Artichoke – Stachys affinis

Canada Violet – Viola Canadensis

Labrador violet – Viola labradorica

Sweet Violet – Viola Odorata

Stonecrop – Sedum Reflexum

Pink Tickseed – Coreopsis rosea

Thread Leaved Coreopsis – Coreopsis verticillata

Mountain Mint – Pycanthemum spp.

Corsican Mint – Mentha requienii

Annual Chickweeds – Stellaria spp.

Vanilla leaf – Achlys triphylla

Hot Tuna – Houttuynia Cordata

Star Chickweed – Stellaria pubera